“优惠政策”和“倾斜政策”在经济学文献与现实经济生活中通常被同时运用,表达相同意思。这两个术语除了交叉与重合部分外,还有着一些不容忽视的差异。其中,“倾斜政策”更多地强调有关全局性的战略设计,而“优惠政策”则更多地注重中观和微观的战术操作,如地区之间、产业之间与企业之间的战术性操作。同时,也包含在市场交易活动中交易主体为了促使成交而采取的优惠措施(打折、回扣等)。这里所考察的优惠政策既不是指与“倾斜政策”完全同义的理性宏观战略设计,也不是一般微观经 “Preferential policies” and “tilt policies” are commonly used simultaneously in economic literature and real economic life to express the same meaning. In addition to the two terms overlap and overlap, there are some differences that can not be ignored. Among them, the “tilt policy” more emphasis on the overall strategic design, and “preferential policies” are more focused on medium and micro tactical operations, such as between regions, industries and between the tactical operating. At the same time, it also includes preferential measures (discounts, kickbacks, etc.) that the transaction body takes to facilitate the transaction in the market trading activities. The preferential policies examined herein refer neither to a rational macro-strategic design that is totally synonymous with “tilt policy,” nor to the general micro-economic