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β_2-微球蛋白是一种分子量仅为11,800的微小球蛋白,系由多种有核细胞合成,并存在于它们的表面。它与免疫球蛋白及细胞表面的组织相容性抗原密切相关,被分泌至血清和其它体液。同一个体的日生成量甚为恒定,血清含量也常稳定不变,平均值为1.8mg/L。它极易自肾小球滤出,但在近曲小管又几乎全被重吸收。故由尿中排泄者甚微,正常时最多为370μg/天,仅占肾小球过滤量的0.1%。作者根据当肾小管损害时尿中β_2-微球蛋白排泄增加的报导,设想在上尿路感染时肾小管有损害,作β_2-微球蛋白测定可有助于与下尿路感染相鉴别。
β_2-microglobulin is a microglobulin with a molecular weight of only 11,800. It is synthesized by a variety of nucleated cells and exists on their surface. It is closely related to immunoglobulins and histocompatibility antigens on the cell surface and is secreted into serum and other body fluids. The same individual’s daily production is very constant, serum levels are often stable, with an average of 1.8mg / L. It is easily filtered out of the glomerulus, but nearly all of the proximal convoluted tubules are reabsorbed. Therefore, excretion by the urine is very small, normal up to 370μg / day, accounting for only 0.1% of the amount of glomerular filtration. The authors, based on reports of increased urinary β 2 -microglobulin excretion when tubular damage is assumed, presumed renal tubular damage during upper urinary tract infection and determination of β_2-microglobulin may be useful in differentiating lower urinary tract infections.