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目的探讨槲皮素对铅致大鼠神经损伤的缓解作用。方法雄性SD大鼠36只,随机分为对照组、醋酸铅组和醋酸铅+槲皮素组。醋酸铅组大鼠采用550 mg/L醋酸铅饮水染毒,醋酸铅+槲皮素干预组大鼠在醋酸铅饮水染毒的同时进行30 mg/kg槲皮素腹腔注射,共8周。应用甩尾实验、热板仪实验和后肢撑力实验测试大鼠的感觉和运动功能;应用morris水迷宫测试学习记忆功能。应用电感耦合等离子体质谱测定血清、海马和皮质中铅水平;同时检测海马和血清中一氧化氮(NO)水平和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活力。结果与对照组比较,醋酸铅组海马和皮质中铅水平分别增加了29.8和32.3倍,血清中的铅水平增加了1.75倍。醋酸铅组大鼠甩尾时间延长,后肢两掌间距离由对照组的(8.29±1.31)cm增加到(10.67±1.76)cm(P<0.05);morris水迷宫测试结果显示染铅大鼠在目标象停留的时间增加;染铅大鼠海马组织中NO水平下降了24%,神经型NOS(nNOS)的活力也呈下降的趋势(P<0.05);血清NO水平(157.42±39.96)μmol/L高于对照组(99.07±9.80)μmol/L,诱导型NOS(iNOS)活力(23.15±5.26)U/L高于对照组(12.76±4.36)U/L。应用槲皮素干预后,大鼠海马铅水平(6.02±1.21)μg/g显著低于醋酸铅组(8.01±2.02)μg/g;同时大鼠血清中铅水平也明显下降。与醋酸铅组比较,槲皮素干预组大鼠的甩尾时间缩短和两后肢两掌间距离缩短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。海马中NO水平从(0.237±0.061)mmol/g提高到(0.295±0.018)mmol/g,nNOS活力也显著增加(P<0.05)。但未见干预组大鼠血清NO水平和iNOS活力下降。结论槲皮素对铅引起的运动功能损伤有一定缓解作用。
Objective To investigate the alleviating effect of quercetin on nerve injury induced by lead in rats. Methods Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, lead acetate group and lead acetate + quercetin group. Rats in the lead acetate group were treated with 550 mg / L lead acetate. Rats in the lead acetate + quercetin intervention group were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg / kg quercetin for 8 weeks while being exposed to lead acetate in drinking water. The sensory and motor function of the rats was tested using the tail flick test, the hot plate test and the hind limb support experiment. The morris water maze was used to test the learning and memory function. The levels of lead in serum, hippocampus and cortex were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in the hippocampus and serum were detected simultaneously. Results Compared with the control group, lead levels in hippocampus and cortex of lead acetate group increased by 29.8 and 32.3 fold, respectively, and lead levels in serum increased 1.75-fold. Lead acetate group rat tail flick time, hind limb distance between the two hands from the control group (8.29 ± 1.31) cm to (10.67 ± 1.76) cm (P <0.05); morris water maze test results show that lead-exposed rats in the target The NO level in hippocampus of lead-exposed rats decreased by 24% and the activity of nNOS decreased (P <0.05). The serum NO level (157.42 ± 39.96) μmol / L (99.07 ± 9.80) μmol / L, and the iNOS activity (23.15 ± 5.26) U / L was higher than that of the control group (12.76 ± 4.36) U / L. After administration of quercetin, the level of lead in hippocampus of rats (6.02 ± 1.21) μg / g was significantly lower than that of lead acetate (8.01 ± 2.02) μg / g; meanwhile, the levels of lead in serum of rats were significantly decreased. Compared with the lead acetate group, the tail-flick time and the distance between the two palms of the quercetin intervention group were shortened (P <0.05). The NO level in hippocampus increased from (0.237 ± 0.061) mmol / g to (0.295 ± 0.018) mmol / g, and the nNOS activity also increased significantly (P <0.05). However, no changes in serum NO level and iNOS activity were observed in the intervention group. Conclusions Quercetin can relieve lead-induced motor dysfunction.