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RNA干扰(RNAi)主要通过内源性或外源性小分子双联RNA诱发的特异性降解相应序列的mRNA,致转录后水平基因沉默,从而恢复正常基因的功能。妇科恶性肿瘤的发生是多个基因相互作用的结果,具有无限生长的特性。通过RNAi技术可以敲除妇科恶性肿瘤相关基因的表达,从而抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。该技术的应用为妇科恶性肿瘤的治疗提供了新的方法。本文就RNAi发现、分子机制、特性及RNAi技术在妇科恶性肿瘤基因治疗领域的应用作一综述。
RNA interference (RNAi) mainly through endogenous or exogenous small double-stranded RNA induced specific degradation of the corresponding sequence mRNA, resulting in post-transcriptional gene silencing, thus restoring normal gene function. The occurrence of gynecologic malignancies is the result of the interaction of multiple genes, with unlimited growth characteristics. By RNAi technology can knock out the expression of gynecological malignancies related genes, thereby inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. The application of this technology provides a new method for the treatment of gynecologic malignancies. This review summarizes the applications of RNAi discovery, molecular mechanisms, properties and RNAi in gene therapy of gynecological malignancies.