目的　观察新型鼻塞持续气道正压呼吸 (CPAP)仪治疗新生儿呼吸衰竭的疗效。方法　采用病例对照方法将 95例新生儿呼吸衰竭分为 2组 ,新型CPAP组 (nCPAP) 6 2例 ,采用新型鼻塞CPAP仪 (n CPAPFlowSystem ,EME ,英国 )治疗 ,水封瓶CPAP组 (bCPAP) 33例 ,比较分析 2组病例的临床资料。结果　nCPAP组治疗成功率为 85 5 % (bCPAP组为 4 2 4 % ) ,治疗失败率为 14 5 % (bCPAP组为 5 7 6 % ) ,治愈率为 82 3% (bCPAP组为 6 9 7% ) ,病死率为 9 7% (bCPAP组为 18 2 % ) ,气漏发生率为 3 2 % (bCPAP组为 15 2 % ) ,2组比较差异均有显著意义。结论　新型鼻塞CPAP比简易水封瓶CPAP具有疗效好、不良反应少等明显优点。 Objective To observe the curative effect of new nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device on neonatal respiratory failure. Methods Ninety-five neonates with respiratory failure were divided into two groups according to the case-control method. Sixty new CPAP patients (nCPAP) were treated with CPAP (npapflow system, EME, UK) 33 cases, comparative analysis of two groups of clinical data. Results The success rate of nCPAP group was 85.5% (42.4% in bCPAP group), the failure rate was 14.5% (57.6% in bCPAP group), the cure rate was 82.3% (bCPAP group was 6 9 7 %). The mortality rate was 97% (18.2% in bCPAP group), and the incidence of air leak was 32% (15.2% in bCPAP group). There was significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion The new type of nasal obstruction CPAP than the simple water bottle CPAP with good efficacy, fewer adverse reactions and other obvious advantages.