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目的了解湖北省宜昌市手足口病的流行特征,为手足口病的综合防治提供科学依据。方法收集2008-2011年宜昌市包括各县(市、区)报告的手足口病疫情病例和聚集性病例的相关标本,采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法进行检测。结果在473份标本中,男女性别比为1.26∶1,手足口病发病高峰在春末和夏初;疱疹液的阳性检出率高于咽拭子(χ2=8.026,P<0.01)和口漱液(χ2=12.67,P<0.01);共检测到肠道通用病毒阳性标本298份,总检出率为73%,其中肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性标本191份,柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)阳性标本78份,其他肠道病毒为29份,EV71的检出率高于Cox A16(χ2=86.517,P<0.01)和其他肠道病毒(χ2=189.089,P<0.01)。结论宜昌市手足口病的病原体主要是EV71(64.1%)和Cox A16(26.2%),随不同年份优势毒株稍有差异,EV71是引起宜昌市2008-2011年手足口病病例的主要优势毒株类型。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Yichang City, Hubei Province, and provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of HFMD. Methods The related specimens of hand, foot and mouth disease cases and clustering cases reported in Yichang City from 2008 to 2011 were collected and detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Results The ratio of male to female was 1.26:1 in 473 specimens. The peak incidence of HFMD was in late spring and early summer. The positive rate of herpes liquid was higher than that of throat swab (χ2 = 8.026, P0.01) A total of 298 positive samples were detected, with a total detection rate of 73%. Among them, 191 positive samples of enterovirus 71 (EV71), 10 samples of Coxsackie virus 78 samples were positive for Cox A16 in group A, 29 were other enterovirus, the detection rate of EV71 was higher than that of Cox A16 (χ2 = 86.517, P <0.01) and other enteroviruses (χ2 = 189.089, P <0.01). Conclusion The main pathogens of HFMD in Yichang City are EV71 (64.1%) and Cox A16 (26.2%). EV71 is the main predominant poison of hand, foot and mouth disease in Yichang City from 2008 to 2011, Strain type.