传统伊斯兰教法曾独霸穆斯林世界达千年之久,对穆斯林世界昔日的强盛立下了汗马功劳。然而当穆斯林世界沦为西方殖民地以后,却日益显现出其与现代社会发展之间的矛盾与冲突。最终导致穆斯林世界的全面法律改革。自奥斯曼帝国的“坦志唛特”运动以来,各国都相继引入西方法律,并对传统沙里阿进行了更新。各国的改革虽然进程不一、手法各异但其后果大都体现在两个迥异的领域:刑法、商法以及与财产关系密切相关的民法领域以世俗化为主,所采纳的制度基本来自西方;而婚姻、家庭、继承及与宗教制度有关的部分则由经过更新的沙里阿调整。从总体上看,穆斯林世界的法律改革是在伊斯兰传统所能容忍的限度内进行的,法律并未彻底摆脱对宗教的依附地位。 Traditional Islamic law once dominated the Muslim world for thousands of years, made a contribution to the former strong Muslim world. However, when the Muslim world became a Western colony, it increasingly showed its contradictions and conflicts with the development of modern society. Ultimately lead to a comprehensive legal reform of the Muslim world. Since the Ottoman Empire’s “Tantric Mark” movement, all countries have successively introduced Western laws and renewed the traditional Shariah. Although the process varies from one country to another, the consequences are mostly reflected in two very different areas: criminal law, commercial law and civil law, which are closely related to property, are dominated by secularism, and the system adopted is basically from the West; Marriage, family, inheritance and religious-related aspects are adjusted by the updated Shariah. In general, the legal reforms in the Muslim world are conducted within the limits of Islamic tradition, and the law does not completely get rid of the dependency on religion.