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目的了解四川省绵阳市预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况,分析其影响因素,提高监测的敏感性。方法利用excel对2009—2013年绵阳市AEFI数据进行描述性分析。结果该市共使用疫苗44种,接种6 632 472剂次,报告发生AEFI的共26种疫苗548例,报告发生率为8.26/10万剂。以一般反应为主,占报告总数的77.56%;无细胞百白破疫苗(DTa P)反应人数最多,占报告总数的29.38%。AEFI的发生和接种针次与年龄有关,0~2岁病例数最多,反应时间主要集中在当日和次日,占报告总数的81.57%。临床诊断主要以发热、红肿、硬结和过敏性皮疹最为多见,占总报告数的81.21%。结论该市AEFI主要发生于DTa P,以一般反应为主;近年来该市AEFI监测敏感性不断提高。
Objective To understand the occurrence characteristics of immunization anaphylaxis (AEFI) in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system, analyze its influential factors and improve the sensitivity of monitoring. Methods A descriptive analysis of AEFI data in Mianyang from 2009 to 2013 was conducted by using Excel. Results A total of 44 vaccines were used in this city, 6 632 472 doses were inoculated and 548 AEFI-reported 26 vaccines were reported in the city, with a reported incidence of 8.26 / 10 000 doses. The majority of the reports reported were 77.56% of the total number of reports. The number of DTa P responses was the largest, accounting for 29.38% of the total. The occurrence and vaccination of AEFI were related to age, with the highest number of patients aged 0-2 years. The response time mainly concentrated on the day and the next day, accounting for 81.57% of the total number of reports. The main clinical diagnosis of fever, redness, induration and allergic skin rash is the most common, accounting for 81.21% of the total number of reports. Conclusion The AEFI in this city mainly occurs in DTa P, which is dominated by general reaction. The sensitivity of AEFI monitoring in this city has been continuously increased in recent years.