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为保证自动铺丝成型构件的性能,实现对成型构件表面质量的高效检测,本文基于机器视觉检测技术,自行研发自动铺丝成型构件表面缺陷检测闭环控制系统,使自动铺丝过程中预浸纱之间的间隙或重叠在允许范围内,从而保证铺丝精度。研究主要分为三个部分:铺丝成型构件表面图像提取与缺陷检测,检测数据传输,运动轴反馈控制,实现在自动铺丝过程中对成型构件表面缺陷检测实时闭环控制。针对电荷耦合相机采集到的预浸纱图像存在运动模糊和信噪比低等问题,将图像预处理划分为图像复原和降噪两大功能,根据不同类型的噪声采用对应滤波法进行降噪处理,提高了图像的信噪比,为后续检测提供高质量图像;预浸纱缺陷主要由其边缘直线这一几何特征进行表征,因此通过对预浸纱边缘检测实现缺陷识别;利用工控机向图像采集控制器发送命令实现图像采集,同时通过工控机与运动控制器之间信息流和数据流的交换实现检测数据的传输。探讨模糊控制理论用于闭环控制的研究,在反模糊化环节后面,加入自适应参数调节,以适应加工过程的突变,并成功地应用到自动铺丝缺陷检测闭环控制系统中,提高了伺服跟踪精度和跟踪实时性,从而提高铺丝精度。
In order to ensure the automatic performance of the profiled component and realize the efficient detection of the surface quality of the profiled component, this paper, based on the machine vision detection technology, developed the closed-loop control system of surface defects automatically, The gap or overlap within the allowable range, so as to ensure the accuracy of the laying wire. The research is mainly divided into three parts: surface image extraction and defect detection, detection data transmission and motion axis feedback control of the paved components, and real-time closed-loop control of the surface defects of the molded component during the automatic laying process. Pre-dip images collected by charge-coupled camera have the problems of motion blur and low signal-to-noise ratio. The image preprocessing is divided into two functions: image restoration and noise reduction. According to different types of noise, the corresponding filtering method is used to reduce the noise , Improving the signal-noise ratio of the image and providing high-quality images for subsequent detection. The pre-dip yarn defect is mainly characterized by the geometric features of its edge straight line, so the defect detection is realized by the pre-dip yarn edge detection. Acquisition controller sends commands to achieve image acquisition, at the same time through the IPC and motion controller between the exchange of information and data flow detection data transmission. The research of fuzzy control theory is applied to the research of closed-loop control. After the anti-fuzzification, adaptive parameter adjustment is added to adapt to the mutation of the machining process and applied to automatic closed-loop control system of automatic wire-laying defect detection, which improves the servo tracking Accuracy and tracking of real-time, thereby improving the accuracy of laying wire.