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目的评价不经筛选的孕妇健康足月新生儿乙肝疫苗肌肉、皮内联合注射新方案的免疫应答及经济效益。方法实验组：第１针乙肝疫苗３０μｇ肌肉注射，第２、３针各２μｇ皮内注射；对照组：３针乙肝疫苗均采用肌肉注射，第１针３０μｇ，第２、３针各为１０μｇ。以０、６、１２月时的ＨＢｓＡｇ及抗－ＨＢｓ观察免疫应答。结果２组于出生时血各有４例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性，于６及１２月时２组ＨＢｓＡｇ全部阴性。于６月时２组抗－ＨＢｓ＞１０ＩＵ－１的阳性率分别为７６．２７％及８３．０８％，抗－ＨＢｓ的效价分别为４２．２５及６０．２５ＩＵ－１；１２月时抗－ＨＢｓ＞１０ＩＵ－１的阳性率分别为８３．７２％及９２．４５％，抗－ＨＢｓ的滴度分别为７４．４５及８７．１０ＩＵ－１。经χ２及ｔ检验，２组间无显著性差异。结论新方案组的免疫效果与传统方案相似，但新方案组可节省１／３乙肝疫苗用量并可节省大量孕妇筛检的费用。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the immune response and economic benefits of a new program of intramuscular and intradermal injection of healthy pregnant newborn infants without screening. Methods Experimental group: the first injection of hepatitis B vaccine 30μg intramuscular injection, the second and third injection of 2μg intradermal injection; control group: 3-pin hepatitis B vaccine were injected intramuscularly, the first needle 30μg, the second and third needle 10μg each. Immune responses were observed with HBsAg and anti-HBs at 0, 6, and 12 months. Results In the two groups, there were 4 cases of HBsAg positive at the time of birth and 2 cases at the 6th and 12th month respectively. The positive rates of anti-HBs> 10IU-1 in two groups were 76.27% and 83.08% respectively at the month of June. The anti-HBs titers were 42.25 and 60.25IU-1, respectively. The positive rates of-HBs> 10IU-1 were 83.72% and 92.45% respectively, and the titers of anti-HBs were 74.45 and 87.10IU-1, respectively. By χ2 and t test, no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion The immunization effect of the new plan group is similar to the traditional one, but the new plan group can save 1/3 hepatitis B vaccine and save a large number of pregnant women screening costs.