一、引言自1955年在国铁中开始实现牵引现代化以来、各种新型的机车相继出现,伴随着机车的不断更新,各种各样结构的转向架也便应运而生。随着现代化的不断进展,作为提高机车性能的一个方面,即在提高机车粘着性能方面,采取了种种机械的或电气的措施。就是说,为了充分地、有效地发挥作为牵引力的轮轨之间粘着力(轮周牵引力),采用了各种各样的机械的或电气的办法。这里仅是从提高机车粘着性能的机械措施出发,对于所谓产生轴重转移的原因,轴重转移的防止办法以及转向架构造的改善方面,预以扼要地介绍。二、机车的轴重转移机车牵引客货列车时,车钩上作用了拉力,在车轮和轨道表面接触点产生轮周牵引 I. INTRODUCTION Since the railway modernization began in 1955, various new types of locomotives have appeared one after another. With the continuous updating of locomotives, the bogies of various structures have emerged. With the continuous development of modernization, various mechanical and electrical measures have been taken as an aspect of improving locomotive performance, that is, in improving locomotive adhesion performance. That is, in order to sufficiently and effectively exert adhesion (wheel traction) between wheel and rail as a traction force, a variety of mechanical and electrical methods are employed. Here only from the mechanical measures to improve locomotive adhesion performance of the starting for the so-called axial load transfer causes, the prevention of axial load transfer and improve the structure of the bogie, a brief introduction. Second, the locomotive’s axle load transfer locomotive trains passenger and freight trains, the role of the hook on the pull force, the wheel and the track surface contact points produce round-robin