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目的 分析妊娠期不同粒径大气颗粒物(PM)暴露对胎儿生长的影响.方法 收集2014年11月至2016年12月广东省鹤山市妇幼保健院胎儿的孕晚期超声资料、鹤山市不同粒径大气颗粒物资料,采用多重线性回归模型研究大气颗粒物暴露对胎儿生长参数如双顶径(BPD)、头围(HC)、腹围(AC)、股骨长(FL)、估计胎儿体重(EFW)的影响.结果 在控制孕妇年龄、产次、气象因素等因素后,B超前1个月,PM10每升高10μg/m3,胎儿FL下降0.167 mm(95%CI:-0.329~-0.005),PM2.5每升高10μg/m3,胎儿FL下降0.101 mm(95%CI:-0.196~-0.006);B超前2个月,PM10每升高10μg/m3,胎儿AC下降1.399 mm(95%CI:-2.401~-0.397),胎儿FL下降0.276 mm(95%CI:-0.469~-0.082),PM2.5每升高10μg/m3,胎儿FL下降0.122 mm(95%CI:-0.240~-0.005).B超前3个月,PM10每升高10μg/m3,胎儿AC下降1.940 mm(95%CI:-3.055~-0.826),胎儿FL下降0.272 mm(95%CI:-0.476~-0.067)),PM2.5每升高10μg/m3,胎儿HC下降1.502 mm(95%CI:-2.682~-0.323).结论 妊娠期妇女孕晚期暴露于不同粒径的大气颗粒物,可能会导致胎儿生长发育受限.“,”Objective To evaluate the fetal growth changes that were impacted by the exposure to different sizes particulate matter(PM). Methods The ultrasound results in late pregnancy from Maternal and Child Health Hospital and the atmospheric information of different sizes particulate matter of Heshan were collected during November 2014 and December 2016. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to evaluate the impacts of the atmospheric particle exposure to fetal growth [biparietal diameter (BPD),head circumference (HC),abdominal circumference (AC),femur length (FL),and estimated fetal weight (EFW)]. Results After adjustment for the influence of maternal age,parity, meteorological factors,during the prior 1 month of ultrasound examination,with a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10,the fetal femur length was decreased by-0.167 mm(95%CI:-0.329~-0.005),with a 10μg/m3 increase in PM2.5,the fetal FL was decreased by-0.101 mm(95%CI:-0.196,-0.006). During the prior 2 months of ultrasound examination ,with a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10,the fetal abdominal circumference was decreased by-1.399 mm(95%CI:-2.401~-0.397),the fetal FL was decreased by-0.276 mm(95%CI:-0.469~-0.082),with a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5,the fetal femur length was decreased by-0.276 mm(95%CI:-0.469~-0.082). During the prior 3 months of ultrasound examination ,with a 10μg/m3 increase in PM10,the fetal AC was decreased by -1.940 mm (95%CI:-3.055~-0.826),the fetal femur length was decreased by-0.272 mm(95%CI:-0.476~-0.067),with a 10μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 ,the fetal head circumference was decreased by-1.502 mm(95%CI:-2.682~-0.323). Conclusion Exposure to different sizes of particulate matter in late pregnancy could lead to restricted fetal growth.