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应用ITS(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)区分子系统发育进化分析法和限制性片段长度多态性分析法(Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism,RFLP)相结合,对近年来分别采集于中国上海、江苏、江西、四川、河北、浙江、湖北等7个主要淡水养殖区的60株疑似致病性水霉菌(Saprolegnia)进行鉴定分类,并系统分析了我国已报道的致病性水霉菌的分类情况,比较了分别分离自鱼体和卵的多子水霉的生物学特性。研究结果表明,60株疑似水霉菌分为10个基因型,其ITSLPCR-LRFLP谱型一致属于典型多子水霉(Saprolegniales ferax)、寄生水霉(Saprolegniales parasitia)和澳大利亚水霉(S.australis)分组类型;ITS系统发育进化分析结果显示,我国致病性水霉菌以多子水霉和寄生水霉为主,二者为我国淡水养殖主要的致病性水霉菌病原。此外,对鱼体和卵来源的多子水霉生物学特征进行比对后发现,二者没有明显差异,同一致病菌株既可感染鱼体也可感染卵。此研究的开展丰富了我国致病性水霉菌分类统计的生物学资料,为水霉病预警和药物防治技术的开发提供了重要的参考价值。
In this paper, we applied the ITS (ITS) phylogenetic evolutionary analysis and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) combined with ITS (internal transcribed spacer) Sixty isolates of Saprolegnia suspected to be pathogenic in seven major freshwater aquaculture areas in Sichuan, Hebei, Zhejiang and Hubei were identified and classified. The classification of pathogenic Saprolegnia spp. Reported in China was systematically analyzed. Biological characteristics of multiple submersed molds isolated from fish and eggs. The results showed that the 60 strains of Susceptible fungi were divided into 10 genotypes and their ITSLPCR-LRFLP patterns were identical to those of the typical Saprolegniales ferax, Saprolegniales parasitia and S. australis. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS phylogenetic tree showed that the main pathogenic fungus Phytophthora infestans in our country were mainly Synechocystis sp. In addition, the biological characteristics of fish and eggs from the multi-biological comparison, found that there is no significant difference between the two, the same pathogenic strains can infect both fish and eggs. The research has enriched the biological data of the pathogenicity of Mycobacterium phlei in China and provided an important reference value for the development of watermelon disease early warning and drug control technology.