目的:了解我院2012年临床分离病原菌的分布特点及其对常用抗菌药物的敏感性和耐药性情况.方法:细菌分离按常规方法进行,抗菌药物敏感试验按 CLSI2012年版进行并判断结果.结果:2156株非重复临床分离菌中:革兰阳性菌735株,占34.1%(735/2156),革兰阴性菌1421株,占65.9%(1421/2156).革兰阳性菌中,金黄色葡萄球菌为分离菌株的第一位.葡萄球菌属细菌中耐甲氧西林金葡菌( MRSA)和耐甲氧西林 CNS(MRCNS)检出率分别为23.1%和85.5%,万古霉素对革兰阳性球菌的抗菌活性最强,未发现万古霉素中介金葡菌(VISA)和耐万古霉素金葡菌 VRSA 菌株.屎肠球菌对测试药物的耐药率普遍高于粪肠球菌,未发现对万古霉素、替加环素、利奈唑胺的耐药株.革兰阴性菌中,大肠埃希菌位居第1位(占28%),肺炎克雷伯菌位居第2位.厄他培南对革兰阴性杆菌的抗菌活性最强,其次亚胺培南.鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南耐药率分别为24.8%和37.3%.铜绿假单胞菌对头孢呋辛酯、头孢唑啉、头孢呋辛、呋喃妥因、头孢替坦、氨苄西林、头孢曲松耐药率较高大于95%,并呈现多重耐药,对其他测试抗生素的耐药率均在20%以下,对亚胺培南和美罗培南耐药率分别为10%和6.8%.结论:微生物检验为临床提供可靠用药依据,合理选用抗菌药物是治疗和预防细菌耐药的关键.“,”Objective] To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens isolated during the period 2012 in our hospital.[Methods] Clinical isolates were identified and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by means of a unified protocol. The results were analyzed according to CLSI breakpoints(2012).[Results] Of the 2156 clinical isolates, gram positive and gram negative organisms accounted for34.1 %(735/2156)and65.9 %(1421/2156), respectively. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (VISA) was the most frequently isolated gram positive bacteria. The prevalence of methicilin-resisitant strains was 23.1 % in Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), and 85.5% incoagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS).Vancomycin was the most active antimicrobial agent against gram positive cocci. No BISA or VRSA strain was identified. E. faecium strains was more resistant to most of the antibiotics tested than E. faecalis. No enterococcal strain was resistant to vancomycin or linezolid or tigecycline Escherichia coli were the most frequently isolated gram negative bacteria in our hospital, accounting for 28 %, folowed by Klebsiela strains. Ertapenem was the most active antibacterial agent agent tested against gram negative bacili, folowed by Imipenem strains. About 24.8%and 37.3% of the A. baumanni strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem, respectively in our hospital. cefoperazone/sulbactam, amikacin and ciprofloxacin. P. aeruginosa showed relatively higher than 95% resistance to Cefuroxime Axetil, Cefazolin, Cefuroxime, Nitrofurantoin, Cefotetan, Ampicilin, and Ceftriaxone . Less than 20% of these P. aeruginosa strains were resistant to other antibiotics. About 10%and 6.8% of the P. aeruginosa strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem, respectively in our hospital.[Conclusions] The microbial test provide a reliable basis for clinic. Rational antimicrobial therapy is an effective way for control of antimicrobial resistance.