一进入80年代以来,世界范围内的军品出口活动发展很快。许多具有一定国防工业基础的国家都越来越重视这一能够带来经济、政治和军事利益的特殊贸易活动。究竟应如何看这一现象,本文拟从理论上对此进行一些初步的探讨。军品一般泛指可用于军事目的的各种作战装备与辅助装备及物资等。更广义地讲,它不仅包括各种有形的军品,也包括各种无形军品。象各种作战武器、弹药、保障装备等都属于有形军品,无形军品则包括各种军事性的劳务(如教育、训练、保障服务、军事设施的设计与建设等)和军工技术。当然,无形军品一般都是围绕有形军品而产生的。随着现代科学技术的迅猛发展,武器装备的水平在不断地提高,无形军品所占的比重也不断地增加。军品在国与国之间流通一般称之为军品转让(Arms Transfers)。军品转让一般主要 Since entering the 1980s, the world’s arms exports have been developing rapidly. Many countries with a certain industrial base for defense are paying increasing attention to this special trade activity that brings about economic, political and military interests. What should be how to look at this phenomenon, this paper intends to do some preliminary research on this theory. Military products generally refer to all kinds of combat equipment and auxiliary equipment and supplies that can be used for military purposes. More broadly, it includes not only all kinds of tangible military products but also all kinds of intangible military products. Such as various kinds of combat weapons, ammunition, security equipment and so on belong to the visible military products, invisible military products include a variety of military services (such as education, training, security services, military facilities design and construction, etc.) and military technology. Of course, invisible military products are generally generated around the visible military products. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the level of weaponry and equipment is constantly improving, and the proportion of invisible military products is continuously increasing. Arms are commonly circulated among nations as Arms Transfers. General transfer of military products