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为了揭示皖北地区主栽玉米品种适宜密度,为玉米高产创建的合理密植提供科学依据。通过对穗粒数、千粒重等参数的监测,研究淮北地区密度对主栽品种产量及相关性状的影响,连续2年在宿州市农科院农试场,以‘郑单958’、‘鲁单981’、‘隆平206’为试验材料,以审定密度为基准,每7 500株/hm2为一个密度阶梯,设置从减少7 500株/hm2至增加30 000株/hm2不同密度处理,在充分满足水肥需求条件下进行高产栽培实践,在实现高产基础上分析其产量及相关性状特征。结果表明,除平展型玉米品种‘鲁单981’外,其他2个品种密度与产量呈抛物线关系,紧凑型品种‘郑单958’最适宜种植密度为73 300株/hm2,半紧凑型品种‘隆平206’适宜种植密度为68 600株/hm2左右,平展型品种‘鲁单981’最适宜种植密度为45 000~52 500株/hm2。由此得出,品种株型越紧凑,种植密度可适当增大;随密度增大,穗粒数与千粒重与密度呈越显著负相关,品种‘鲁单981’生产上应适当稀植以规避风险。
In order to reveal the appropriate density of main maize cultivars in northern Anhui, it provided a scientific basis for rational and close planting created by high yield of maize. The effects of density on the yield and related traits of main cultivars in Huaibei were studied by monitoring the parameters such as the number of grains per ear and 1000-grain weight. For two consecutive years, the experiment was conducted in the agro-experiment field of Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, with “Zhengdan 958”, "Ludan 981 ’And’ Longping 206 ’were used as the test materials. Based on the validated density, a density gradient of 7 500 plants / hm2 was set as a density ladder. From a reduction of 7 500 plants / hm2 to an increase of 30 000 plants / hm2, Under the conditions of high-yield cultivation practices, based on the realization of high yield on the basis of analysis of its yield and related traits. The results showed that the density of the other two cultivars was parabolic with yield except for the flat maize cultivar ’Ludan 981’. The most suitable planting density of the compact variety ’Zhengdan 958’ was 73 300 plants / hm2. The semi-compact cultivar ’ The suitable planting density of Longping 206 ’was 68 600 plants / hm2, and the optimum planting density of Ludan 981 was 45 000 ~ 52 500 plants / hm2. It was concluded that the more compact the plant type, the planting density could be increased appropriately. With the increase of density, the grain number per spike was significantly and negatively correlated with the density of 1000-grain weight. risk.