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目的对2007—2012年新疆喀什市黑热病发病情况进行流行病学分析,描述黑热病流行现状并提出可行的防控措施。方法利用中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集报告的数据,采用描述性流行病学方法,对发病数据进行整理分析。结果目前喀什市黑热病发病呈散发水平,男女性别比例1.16∶1,发病年龄以20岁以下青少年为主,发病110例,占67.07%,尤其是10岁以下儿童,发病71例,占43.29%;发病病例中农民52例,占31.71%,其次为学生50例,占30.49%,散居儿童49例,占29.88%,家庭及待业9例,占5.49%,其他1例,占0.61%;发病病例主要集中在伯什克然木乡和浩罕乡,发病无明显季节性特征。结论为防止喀什市黑热病死灰复燃,应进行黑热病的长期防治工作,结合流行特点制定切实可行的防治措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of kala-azar in Kashgar from 2007 to 2012, describe the prevalence of kala-azar and propose feasible prevention and control measures. Methods Using the data collected by China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the incidence data. Results At present, the incidence of kala-azar in Kashgar is at a level of 1.16:1. The age of onset is mainly adolescents under 20 years of age with onset of 110 cases (67.07%), especially for children under 10 years old, accounting for 43.29%. Among them, 52 cases were farmers, accounting for 31.71%, followed by 50 cases of students, accounting for 30.49%, 49 cases of scattered children, accounting for 29.88%, 9 cases of family and unemployed, accounting for 5.49% and other cases accounting for 0.61% Mainly concentrated in the Beixike Ranmu Township and Hao Han Township, the incidence of no obvious seasonal features. Conclusion In order to prevent the resurgence of kala-azar fever in Kashgar, long-term prevention and treatment of kala-azar should be carried out and practical prevention and control measures should be formulated according to epidemic characteristics.