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2012年,德国能源消费总量4.5亿吨标准煤,全社会用电量约5940亿千瓦时,是欧洲第一大能源和电力消费市场。其中,可再生能源在一次能源消费和终端能源消费中的比重分别为11.7%和12.6%,发电量占比21.9%。2012年,德国发电装机约1.78亿千瓦,其中光伏发电3264万千瓦,风电3131万千瓦,生物质发电765万千瓦,水电440万千瓦;可再生能源发电量约1361亿千瓦时,其中风电460亿千瓦时,生物质408亿千瓦时,光伏发电280亿千瓦时,水电212亿千瓦时。德国能源转型战略顶层设计德国能源转型战略(Energiewende)的总体目标是逐步
In 2012, Germany’s total energy consumption was 450 million tons of standard coal and the total electricity consumption was about 594 billion kwh. It is the largest market for energy and electricity consumption in Europe. Among them, the share of renewable energy in primary energy consumption and terminal energy consumption was 11.7% and 12.6% respectively, and the power generation accounted for 21.9%. In 2012, Germany installed about 178 million kilowatts of generating capacity, of which 32.64 million kilowatts of photovoltaic power generation, 31.31 million kilowatts of wind power, 7.65 million kilowatts of biomass power generation and 4.4 million kilowatts of hydropower; generating electricity of renewable energy of about 136.1 billion kwh, of which 46.0 billion KWh, 40.0 billion kwh of biomass, 28 billion kwh of photovoltaic power generation and 21.2 kwh of hydropower. The top-level design of Germany’s energy transformation strategy The overall goal of the German energy transformation strategy (Energiewende) is to gradually