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为了明确我国大豆主产区大豆胞囊线虫群体的发生分布及致病性分化情况,同时也为我国大豆胞囊线虫防治及抗病育种工作提供依据,本研究在全国范围内开展大豆胞囊线虫种群监测工作,对2012-2014年国家大豆产业体系的29个大豆试验站所辖150个示范县进行大豆胞囊线虫的种群密度检测,并在国际统一的鉴别寄主上进行生理小种鉴定。明确了大豆胞囊线虫在我国20个省(市/自治区)发生分布,总检出率达69.4%。并对其中11个群体进行生理小种鉴定,共鉴定出生理小种5个,即1、2、3、4和14号生理小种。其中安徽宿州、甘肃镇原、内蒙古赤峰、陕西延安和宁夏银川的鉴定此前未见报道。2012-2014年我国大豆胞囊线虫病害的发生比较严重,平均胞囊量高达99个·L~(-1),我国大豆胞囊线虫致病性分化并无明显变化,鉴定结果中1、3和4号生理小种出现频率较高,为72.7%。
In order to clarify the occurrence distribution and pathogenicity differentiation of soybean cyst nematode population in the main soybean producing areas of our country and also provide the basis for the prevention and control of soybean cyst nematode and the breeding of disease resistance in our country, In order to monitor the population, the population density of Soybean cyst nematode was tested in 150 demonstration counties under the jurisdiction of 29 soybean test stations in the national soybean industry system in 2012-2014. Physiological races were also identified on the international unified host. Clear soybean cyst nematode in our 20 provinces (municipalities / autonomous regions) occurred, the total detection rate of 69.4%. And 11 of them were identified by physical races. A total of 5 races were identified as race 1, 2, 3, 4 and 14. Among them, the identification of Suzhou, Gansu Province, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, Yan'an, Shaanxi and Yinchuan, Ningxia have not been reported before. From 2012 to 2014, the occurrence of soybean cyst nematode in China was more serious with an average cyst amount of 99 L · (-1). There was no significant change in the pathogenicity of soybean cyst nematode in China. The identification results of 1,3 And 4 physiological races appeared more frequently, which was 72.7%.