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自七十年代以来,石油开采出来的原油质量开始变差,原油中的重质油含量尤其是渣油收率出现增加的趋势,而渣油和燃料油在燃烧过程中,渣油中所含的硫化物会与氧气结合形成二氧化硫、三氧化硫等气体排放到空气中,进而形成酸雨,影响人类正常的生活。为了改善渣油的燃烧性能,降低有毒气体的排放,需要对渣油进行脱硫处理,来去除硫化物,并使渣油转化为易以加工处理的原料油。对渣油进行脱硫处理的方式有加氢和不加氢两种,本文针对渣油的加氢脱硫处理技术,介绍了几种渣油脱硫装置,以及雪佛龙专利、IFP专利及联合油专利等三种固定床式渣油脱硫技术工艺。
Since the 1970s, the quality of crude oil extracted from petroleum began to deteriorate. The heavy oil content in crude oil, especially the yield of residual oil, tends to increase. However, the residual oil and fuel oil contained in the residue during combustion Sulfides combine with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide. Sulfur trioxide and other gases are discharged into the air, forming acid rain, affecting the normal life of human beings. In order to improve the combustion performance of residual oil and reduce the emission of toxic gases, it is necessary to desulfurize the residual oil to remove the sulfide and convert the residual oil into feedstock that can be easily processed. There are two ways to desulfurize residual oil: hydrogenation and non-hydrogenation. In this paper, several kinds of residue desulfurization equipment, as well as Chevron, IFP and United Oil, are introduced for hydrodesulfurization of residual oil Three kinds of fixed bed desulfurization technology.