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女性主义者指出,母女关系对女性的成长影响最大。女性主义作家和批评家也对它们在妇女文学中扮演的关键角色确信不疑。但大多数对母女关系的女性主义研究都是以白人中产阶级妇女为对象的。为了改变这种被误解、被排斥、被边缘化的局面,越来越多的少数种族女性主义者和女性作家投身于女性主义内部的种族、阶级的政治,其中的最强音便是由美国黑人女性主义者发出的。她们的创作和批评对主流女性主义母系话语提出了质疑,对美国黑人母系话语传统的建立,女性主义内部的种族阶级政治以及文化民族主义内部的性别政治做出了重要贡献。本文对莫里森的《秀拉》进行了详细的文本分析,以研究母女关系的代表性女性主义理论为参照,对比分析白人主流女性主义话语与黑人女性立场的异同。揭示出对母女关系的研究应当考虑到更广泛的社会和历史语境,在黑人女性主义者眼中,种族、阶级压迫和性别压迫同等重要,同样都需要去关注,去反抗。
Feminists pointed out that mother-daughter relationship has the greatest impact on women’s growth. Feminist writers and critics are also convinced of their pivotal role in women’s literature. But most of the feminist studies of mother-daughter relationships are targeted at white, middle-class women. In order to change such a misunderstood, marginalized and marginalized situation, more and more ethnic minority feminists and female writers are engaged in the race and class politics within feminism. The strongest voice among them is the United States Black feminist sent. Their creation and criticism questioned the mainstream feminist maternal discourse and made important contributions to the establishment of the American black matriarchal discourse tradition, racial class politics within feminism and gender politics within cultural nationalism. This paper analyzes Morrison’s “Sula” detailed text analysis, with reference to the representative feminist theory of mother-daughter relationship, comparative analysis of the similarities and differences between the mainstream feminist discourse and the black female position. Reveals that the study of the mother-daughter relationship should take into account the broader context of society and history. In the eyes of black feminists, race, class oppression and gender oppression are equally important. They also need to pay attention and resist.