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目的了解巴彦淖尔市屠宰养殖企业的职业人群布鲁菌感染现况及危险因素,为预防控制提供依据。方法采用现况调查的方法,对巴彦淖尔市规模较大的4家屠宰养殖企业的职业人群进行问卷调查和血清抗体检测,用比值比(OR)分析各危险因素。结果共调查职业人群346人,其中男性221人,女性125人。布鲁菌感染人数为49人,总感染率为14.16%;其中男性为15.84%(35/221),女性为11.20%(14/125),性别间差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.41,P>0.05)。屠宰的职业人群感染率最高,达45.00%。屠宰、年龄、接害工龄、能否正确使用防护用品是危险因素(OR=1.16~3.86),学历为保护因素(OR=0.56)。结论巴彦淖尔市屠宰养殖企业中的职业人群布鲁菌感染率较高,应采取相应控制措施。
Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of brucellosis among occupational groups in slaughter and breeding enterprises in Bayannur City and provide the basis for prevention and control. Methods A questionnaire survey and serum antibody test were carried out on the occupational population of four large-scale slaughter and breeding enterprises in Bayannaoir City by means of current situation survey. The risk factors were analyzed by odds ratio (OR). Results A total of 346 occupational groups were investigated, including 221 males and 125 females. The infection rate of Brucella was 49, with a total infection rate of 14.16%. Among them, 15.84% (35/221) were male and 11.20% (14/125) were female, with no significant difference between sexes (χ2 = 1.41, P > 0.05). Occupational groups slaughtered the highest infection rate, up 45.00%. Slaughter, age, length of service, whether the correct use of protective equipment is a risk factor (OR = 1.16 ~ 3.86), education as a protective factor (OR = 0.56). Conclusion The prevalence of brucellosis among occupational groups in slaughter and breeding enterprises in Bayannur City is high, and corresponding control measures should be taken.