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目的了解2010-2015年江阴市乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)的流行病学特征,为科学防控乙肝提供依据。方法收集2010-2015年江阴市网络直报的乙肝病例信息,应用描述性流行病学方法分析其流行病学特征。结果2010-2015年江阴市累计报告乙肝病例762例,年平均发病率为7.85/10万,每月均有乙肝病例报告,但未发现明显高发的月份。城区街道年平均发病率略高于乡镇。发病人群男女性别比为3.15∶1,发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=204.74,P<0.001)。年龄主要集中在20~49岁组,15岁以下儿童只报告3例病例。职业以农民和工人为主。结论接种乙肝疫苗是当前预防乙肝最经济有效的手段,乙肝的防控应坚持以疫苗接种为主,同时加强健康教育、传染源的管理、医疗器械的消毒以及血液制品的管理。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus in Jiangyin City during the period of 2010-2015 and provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of hepatitis B. Methods The direct hepatitis B case information collected from 2010 to 2015 in Jiangyin City was collected and the epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results In 2010-2015, a total of 762 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Jiangyin City, with an average annual incidence of 7.85 / 100 000. There were monthly reports of hepatitis B cases but no obvious high incidence was found. The average annual incidence of urban streets is slightly higher than the township. The incidence of male to female sex ratio was 3.15: 1, the incidence of difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 204.74, P <0.001). The age group mainly concentrated in the 20 to 49 age group, children under 15 only reported 3 cases. Occupation mainly farmers and workers. Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination is the most economical and effective way to prevent hepatitis B. Hepatitis B prevention and control should adhere to the principle of vaccination. At the same time, it should strengthen health education, management of infection sources, disinfection of medical equipment and management of blood products.