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仁广寨是贵州省松桃苗族自治县盘石镇下辖的一个村寨,居民均属苗族的一个支系——红苗。“仁广”为苗语译音,“仁”意为山,“广”意为野葱,“仁广”意为生长野葱的山坡。看来,这个名称可能与古代采集经济有关。 由于这里地处黔、川、鄂三省交界的武陵山余脉偏避地带,交通十分困难,因此,本民族的传统文化习俗至今仍保留较多。1995年11至12月笔者去该寨作民族学田野调查时发现,这里尚存的几种文化习俗对我国历史、文化方面某些问题的研究似有一定参考价值,兹介绍如下。
Ren Guangzhai is a village under the jurisdiction of Panshi Town, Songtao Miao Autonomous County, Guizhou Province. The residents belong to a branch of Miao Nationality - Hongmiao. “Ren Guang” transliterates Miao, “benevolence” means mountain, “broad” means wild onion, “benevolence” means growing hillside of wild onion. It seems that this name may be related to the ancient acquisition of the economy. Because here is located in Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei provinces at the junction of the remnants of the Wuling Mountains away from the strip, traffic is very difficult, therefore, the national traditional culture and customs still retain more. From November to December 1995, when I went to the village for ethnological fieldwork, I found that there are some cultural practices remaining here that may have some reference value for the study of some historical and cultural issues in our country. Here is a brief introduction.