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目的:了解郑州市学龄前儿童血铅水平及影响因素。方法:采用双阶整群抽样法选择郑州市3所幼儿 园201名3～5岁儿童,取其肘静脉血,用微波消解电感藕荷等离子质谱仪测定血铅,同时进行相关因素问卷调查, 并行单因素及多因素分析。结果:201名学龄前儿童血铅水平为(128.70±44.14)μg/L,其中≥100μg/L有161 人。男性儿童为(135.83±9.56)μg/L;女性儿童为(121.01±47.60)μg/L,2者间差异无统计学意义(u=1.893, P>0.05)。儿童生活环境接触铅、父亲职业接触铅是儿童血铅水平升高的危险因素,饭前洗手、父亲文化程度高是 儿童血铅水平的保护性因素。结论:郑州市学龄前儿童血铅水平明显高于附近省市;郑州市是铅污染较严重的地 区之一;根据影响因素,制定相关政策,以保护儿童。
Objective: To understand the blood lead level and its influencing factors in preschool children in Zhengzhou city. Methods: Two-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 201 children aged 3 to 5 years from 3 kindergartens in Zhengzhou City. Blood samples were collected from elbow venous blood by microwave digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Factors and multivariate analysis. Results: The blood lead levels in 201 pre-school children were (128.70 ± 44.14) μg / L, of which 161 were ≥100 μg / L. The male children (135.83 ± 9.56) μg / L and the female children (121.01 ± 47.60) μg / L, the difference was not statistically significant (u = 1.893, P> 0.05). Children’s living environment exposure to lead, the father’s occupational exposure to lead is a risk factor for elevated blood lead levels in children, hand-washing before meals and father’s education is a protective factor in children’s blood lead levels. Conclusion: The level of blood lead of preschool children in Zhengzhou is obviously higher than that of nearby provinces and cities. Zhengzhou is one of the areas where lead pollution is more serious. According to the influencing factors, relevant policies are formulated to protect children.