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目的了解四川省泸州市流感流行特征及病毒流行株的变化情况,为防制工作提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对泸州市2010-2014年哨点医院流感样病例(ILI)监测资料和全市暴发疫情资料进行分析。结果 5年间2家哨点医院报告的流感样病例就诊百分比(ILI%)为7.78%(95 138/1 222 690),ILI%从2010年的10.13%下降到2014年的7.28%;0~4岁组ILI构成比为66.10%,5~14岁组为22.62%;每年1月、6~7月为ILI就诊高峰。哨点医院共采集ILI标本4 083份,流感病毒核酸阳性298份,其中B型114份(38.26%)、A(H3)85份(28.52%)、新甲H1型81份(27.18%)、A未分型18份(6.04%);2010-2011年B型为优势株,2012年B型与A(H3)共同流行,2013年新甲H1为优势株,2014年A(H3)为优势株。5年共报告ILI暴发疫情20起,其中B型8起、A(H3)6起、新甲H1 4起、阴性2起,发病135人,无死亡;90%的暴发疫情发生在中小学校,71%的病例集中在10~12月。结论泸州市ILI%呈下降趋势,0-14岁为重点人群。不同年份B型、新甲H1与A(H3)交替流行,加强ILI监测可为流感早期预警提供依据。暴发疫情多发生在秋冬季,中小学校为高发场所,适时开展流感疫苗接种可有效控制流感暴发。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province and the changes of the epidemic strains of viruses so as to provide basis for prevention and control work. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze surveillance data of influenza-like illness (ILI) and sentinel outbreak in the city of Luzhou in 2010-2014. Results The percentage of ILI% reported in 2 sentinel hospitals was 7.78% (95 138/1 222 690) in 5 years. The ILI% decreased from 10.13% in 2010 to 7.28% in 2014; 0 to 4 The ILI constitutional ratio was 66.10% in the elderly group and 22.62% in the 5-14 years old group. The annual ILI peak was observed in January and June-July each year. Sentinel Hospital collected a total of 4 083 ILI specimens and 298 influenza virus nucleic acid positive samples, of which 114 (38.26%) were type B, 85 (28.52%) were A (H3), 81 (27.18%) were H1N1, A was not typed in 18 (6.04%); 2010-2011 was the predominant strain of type B, 2012 was type B and A (H3) co-prevalence. Strain. In five years, a total of 20 ILI outbreaks were reported, of which 8 were type B, 6 were from A (H3), 2 were H1N1, 2 were negative, 135 were fatal and none died; 90% of the outbreaks occurred in primary and secondary schools, 71% of cases concentrated in 10 ~ December. Conclusion Luzhou ILI% showed a downward trend, 0-14 years as the key population. In different years, type B, new H1N1 and A (H3) alternate epidemic, strengthen the ILI monitoring can provide the basis for early warning of influenza. Outbreaks occurred in the autumn and winter outbreaks, primary and secondary schools for high incidence of places, timely launch of influenza vaccination can effectively control the outbreak of influenza.