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目的:探讨应用血管回声跟踪技术评价高脂血症及动脉粥样硬化大鼠不同阶段腹主动脉弹性功能变化的价值,并明确血脂水平与腹主动脉弹性功能变化间的相关性。方法:应用血管回声跟踪技术分别对高胆固醇饮食SD大鼠(T1组,n=10,高胆固醇喂养4周;T2组,n=10,高胆固醇喂养12周)及正常饮食SD大鼠(C1组,n=10;C2组,n=10)腹主动脉的硬化参数α和β、可扩张度、顺应性、单点脉搏波传导速度(PWVβ)进行评估,各组间参数的比较及血压、血脂的组间比较采用ANOVE单因素分析法。相关性研究采用Pearson相关性分析法。各组病理标本均行切片,在光镜下观察以评估主动脉粥样硬化的程度。结果:T1和T2组大鼠的硬化参数α、β、PWVβ显著高于C1及C2组(P均<0.05),可扩张度及顺应性则显著低于C1及C2组(P均<0.05),T2组的PWVβ明显高于T1组(P=0.001)。相关性分析结果显示,收缩压、舒张压、硬化参数α、硬化参数β、PWVβ、顺应性、可扩张度、三酰甘油、总胆固醇间存在明显的相关性(P<0.05)。特别是硬化参数α、硬化参数β、PWVβ、顺应性、可扩张度间的相关性较强(P<0.01),其中顺应性、可扩张度与硬化参数α、硬化参数β、PWVβ呈负相关,可扩张度与三酰甘油呈负相关。结论:血管回声跟踪技术能早期检测大鼠腹主动脉弹性功能变化,其僵硬度参数及扩张性参数均与血脂参数相关。
Objective: To evaluate the value of using echocardiography to evaluate the changes of elastic function of abdominal aorta in different stages of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis rats, and to clarify the correlation between the level of serum lipids and the changes of elasticity of abdominal aorta. Methods: The effects of high cholesterol diet on SD rats (T1 group, n = 10, hypercholesterolemia for 4 weeks; T2 group, n = 10, hypercholesterolemia for 12 weeks) and normal diet SD rats Group C, n = 10; Group C2, n = 10). Abdominal aortic sclerosis parameters α and β were evaluated for expandability, compliance and single point pulse wave velocity (PWVβ) , Blood lipids were compared between groups using ANOVE single factor analysis. Correlation studies using Pearson correlation analysis. Each group of pathological specimens were sliced, observed under light microscope to assess the degree of aortic atherosclerosis. Results: The sclerosis parameters α, β and PWVβ in T1 and T2 groups were significantly higher than those in C1 and C2 groups (all P <0.05), but their extensibility and compliance were significantly lower than those in C1 and C2 groups (all P <0.05) PWVβ in T2 group was significantly higher than that in T1 group (P = 0.001). Correlation analysis showed that systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, sclerosis parameters α, sclerosis parameters β, PWVβ, compliance, expandability, triglyceride, total cholesterol were significantly correlated (P <0.05). In particular, there was a strong correlation between sclerosis parameters α, sclerosis parameters β, PWVβ, compliance and extensibility (P <0.01). The compliance and extensibility were negatively correlated with sclerosis parameter α, sclerosing parameter β and PWVβ The degree of expandability was negatively correlated with triglyceride. Conclusion: Echocardiographic tracking can detect the change of elastic function of the abdominal aorta in rats early, and its stiffness and distensibility parameters are all related to the lipid parameters.