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目的分析北京市丰台区严重预防接种异常反应(serious rare adverse reaction,SRAR)发生特征,评价疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量。方法通过中国免疫规划监测信息管理系统和中国疾病预防控制信息系统疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse event following immunization,AEFI)信息管理系统,收集2008-2011年丰台区报告的严重疑似预防接种异常反应(serious adverse event following immunization,SAEFI)中SRAR病例,采用描述流行病学方法对其进行分析。结果 2008-2011年丰台区SAEFI报告率4.41/100万剂,其中SRAR报告发生率为2.32/100万剂,男性高于女性,本地户籍儿童与外地户籍儿童没有明显差异;涉及6种疫苗,70%(7/10)的反应发生在接种第1剂次疫苗;50%(5/10)的病例从发生到报告的时间≥1 d;除疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎病例(vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis,VAPP)留有残疾外,其他疫苗引起的异常反应病例预后良好,无后遗症出现。结论丰台区疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量良好,家长对AEFI了解不足,接种医生在接种疫苗前应注意详细询问受种者过敏史和近期健康状况,对受种者应进行必要体检,规范接种,做好接种后医学观察,以保证接种安全。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of serious rare adverse reaction (SRAR) in Fengtai District of Beijing and evaluate the safety of the vaccine and the quality of vaccination services. Methods Serious suspected suspected vaccination abnormalities reported in Fengtai District of China from 2008 to 2011 were collected through the information system of China Immunization Program Monitoring Information Management System and China Disease Prevention and Control Information System (AEFI) adverse event following immunization, SAEFI) were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The reported rate of SAEFI in Fengtai District was 4.41 / 1 million doses during 2008-2011, of which 2.32 / 1 million were reported by SRAR. There were no significant differences between local registered children and local registered children; (7/10) response occurred in the first dose of vaccine; 50% (5/10) of the cases from the time of reporting to the reporting of ≥ 1 d; vaccine-associated paralytic (vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis, VAPP) with residual disability, other vaccines caused by abnormal response to a good prognosis, no sequelae appear. Conclusion The safety and vaccination services of Fengtai District are good. Parents lack of knowledge about AEFI. Inoculation doctors should pay attention to the allergic history and recent health status of the affected persons in detail before vaccination, Inoculation, medical observation after vaccination, to ensure safe vaccination.