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目的:调查了解慢性乙肝患者睡眠质量及其影响因素。方法:选择慢性乙肝145例,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)和自制调查表进行调查,与正常成人常模比较,并分析其影响因素。结果:本次调查因子分值≥2分检出率依次为日间功能障碍95例(65.5%),入睡时间43例(29.7%),主观睡眠质量36例(24.8%),睡眠时间20例(13.8%),睡眠障碍17例(11.7%),睡眠效率3例(2.1%)和催眠药物2例(1.4%)。慢性乙肝患者PSQI总分及各因子分值均非常显著高于正常成人常模(P<0.01)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,慢性乙肝患者睡眠质量与年龄、疾病类型、病程、疾病认识、社会支持、文化程度及职业等呈显著或非常显著正相关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,年龄、疾病类型、疾病认识、社会支持进入以PSQI总分为因变量的回归方程(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:年龄、疾病类型、疾病认识和社会支持是慢性乙肝患者睡眠障碍的重要影响因素,应进行有针对性的心理干预。
Objective: To investigate the quality of sleep and its influencing factors in chronic hepatitis B patients. Methods: A total of 145 patients with chronic hepatitis B were selected. PSQI and self-made questionnaires were used to investigate the relationship between them and normal adults. The influencing factors were also analyzed. Results: The detection rate of ≥2 points in this survey were 95 cases (65.5%) of daytime dysfunction, 43 cases (29.7%) of falling asleep, 36 cases of subjective sleep quality (24.8%) and 20 cases of sleep time (13.8%), sleep disorders in 17 cases (11.7%), sleep efficiency in 3 cases (2.1%) and hypnotic drugs in 2 cases (1.4%). The scores of PSQI and scores of each factor in chronic hepatitis B patients were significantly higher than those in normal adults (P <0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the quality of sleep in chronic hepatitis B patients was significantly or very significantly positively correlated with age, type of disease, disease duration, disease awareness, social support, education level and occupation (P <0.05, P <0.01). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age, disease type, disease awareness and social support entered the regression equation with PSQI total score as dependent variable (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion: Age, disease type, disease awareness and social support are important influencing factors of sleep disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Psychological intervention should be targeted.