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目的了解洪江区吸毒人群分布状况,探索在吸毒人群中开展针具交换对预防艾滋病传播的可行性。方法采用艾滋病自愿咨询、公安机关配合登记询问、健康教育及关爱支持等措施,在社区和戒毒所内开展清洁针具销售和针具回收等干预措施,应用共用针具率、男性安全套使用率、艾滋病防治知识知晓率、针具交换覆盖率等指标评价干预效果。结果洪江区吸毒人群以城区人口、青壮年、低文化程度男性及未婚者为主,干预后吸毒人群的艾滋病传播危险性行为降低,针具销售大幅度上升,艾滋病防治知识知晓率有较大幅度上升。结论在吸毒人群中开展清洁针具交换有助于提高吸毒者预防艾滋病知识水平,改变HIV感染各种危险行为,控制艾滋病蔓延传播。
Objective To understand the distribution of drug abusers in Hongjiang District and explore the feasibility of needle exchange in the drug users to prevent the spread of AIDS. Methods Adopt HIV / AIDS voluntary counseling, public security organs cooperate with registration inquiry, health education and care and support measures to carry out interventions such as sales of clean needles and recovery of needles in community and drug rehabilitation centers. The application of shared needles rate, male condom use rate, AIDS Prevention and treatment of knowledge awareness, needle exchange coverage and other indicators to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results The population of drug addicts in Hongjiang District was dominated by urban population, young adults, men and unmarried persons with low educational level. After the intervention, the risk behaviors of HIV / AIDS among drug addicts were reduced, the sales of needles increased sharply, and the awareness rate of AIDS prevention and control was relatively high rise. Conclusion The exchange of clean needles among drug addicts helps to raise the knowledge level of HIV / AIDS prevention among drug users, change various risk behaviors of HIV infection and control the spread of AIDS.