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研究了大黄鱼精子的生理特性及其冷冻保存技术。实验结果表明,大黄鱼精液pH值为6.72—7.25。精子平均密度为14.45×109·ml-1。精子离体后在精液中3.5h(25℃)仍有80.5%可以存活。在精子激活液中,不同的盐度和酸碱度对精子的活力、存活时间和运动状况影响很大。精子适宜的盐度为20—35,pH值为6.60—8.50。在海水中精子的直线快速运动仅持续3min。使用筛选出的精液稀释液和抗冻剂组成精子冷冻保存液。采用快速冷冻保存方法在液氮中保存精子。经保存1a,采用室温(21—23.5℃)自然解冻冻精,精子活力可达到89.5%±4.2%。利用冻精进行大黄鱼的人工授精试验,受精率达82.7%±5.5%,孵化率达85.7%±5.8%,与鲜精对照组相近。
The physiological characteristics of cryopreserved sperm and its cryopreservation techniques were studied. Experimental results show that the pH value of large yellow croaker 6.72-7.25. The average sperm density was 14.45 × 109 · ml-1. Sperm in vitro after semen 3.5h (25 ℃) still 80.5% can survive. In sperm activation fluid, different salinity and pH have a great influence on sperm motility, survival time and exercise status. Sperm suitable salinity of 20-35, pH value of 6.60-8.50. In the sea of sperm in a straight line rapid movement only lasts 3min. Sperm cryopreservation solution is made up by using selected sperm diluent and anti-freezing agent. Rapid cryopreservation is used to preserve sperm in liquid nitrogen. After being preserved for 1 year, the sperm motility can reach 89.5% ± 4.2% by naturally thawing frozen essence at room temperature (21-23.5 ° C). The artificial insemination experiment of big yellow croaker using frozen semen showed that the fertilization rate reached 82.7% ± 5.5% and the hatching rate reached 85.7% ± 5.8%, which was similar to that of the control group.