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在对开滦矿区赵各庄矿、唐山矿深部开采过程中巷道围岩变形、破坏特征和矿井动力显现观测的基础上,结合数值模拟研究发现:(1)开滦矿区在千米深开采时水平构造应力远大于自重应力,原岩应力值远大于巷道围岩强度值,巷道将不可避免地要遭受破坏并表现为大变形强流变和严重底鼓;(2)随着开采深度增大,软弱煤岩层发生冲击地压的危险性随之增大,通常以煤层的整体突出为特征,其发生机理和高应力状态下硬岩(煤)中的岩爆有区别;(3)原岩应力状态对巷道围岩的变形破坏有着重要影响,而巷道形状对巷道围岩的破坏形式影响不大。
Based on the deformation and failure characteristics of tunnel surrounding rock and the observation of mine motive force during the deep mining process of Zhaoguanzhuang Mine in Kailuan Mine and Tangshan Mine, the numerical simulation shows that: (1) The horizontal tectonic stress is far greater than the self-weight stress, and the stress of the original rock is much larger than the surrounding rock strength value of the roadway. The roadway will inevitably suffer damage and manifest as large deformation and severe kick drum. (2) As the mining depth increases , The risk of rock burst in soft coal rock layers increases with the increase of rock burst, which is usually characterized by the overall prominence of coal seams. The mechanism of rock burst is different from that of hard rock (coal) in high stress state. (3) The stress state has an important influence on the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock of the roadway while the shape of the roadway has little effect on the damage form of the surrounding rock of the roadway.