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一商标的产生和演变与商品生产的发展有着密切的联系。在简单商品生产阶段,商标只是区别不同生产者产品的标记,并不受任何法律保护;在资本主义生产条件,特别是在资本主义生产高度发展的情况下,商标成了资本家进行竞争的重要工具和剥削的重要手段。一个享有盛誉的商标,是一种属于资本家所有并可以转让的无形财产。因此,当今世界上绝大多数国家都将其列为工业产权之一,用法律加以保护,对假冒、伪造商标的行为一般都规定要追究刑事责任。如《法国刑法典》第142条规定:“凡伪造以政府名义许可其粘附于各种商品、货物上之商标或行使此种伪造之商标者”,处轻惩役。《巴西联邦共和
The emergence and evolution of a trademark are closely linked with the development of commodity production. In the simple commodity stage of production, the mark is merely a mark that distinguishes the products of different producers and is not protected by any law; under capitalist conditions of production, especially in the highly developed capitalist production, trademarks are important tools for capitalists to compete And the important means of exploitation. A prestigious trademark is an intangible property owned and transferable by a capitalist. Therefore, the vast majority of countries in the world today have listed it as one of the industrial property rights and are protected by laws. Generally, criminal acts are presumed to be fake or counterfeit trademarks. For example, Article 142 of the French Penal Code states: “Every person who forges fake trademarks in the name of the government that allow it to be affixed to various goods or goods, or exercises such counterfeit trade mark” shall be punished with light punishment. Brazilian Federal Republic