五四运动爆发后,俄国十月革命的影响日益深入人心,马克思主义开始在中国广泛传播,社会主义思潮成为新文化运动的主流。但是,在这以后一个相当长的时间内,最受知识青年欢迎的还是各种空想的社会主义学说,其中又以无政府主义及其在当时的各种衍生物影响最大。无政府主义是一种小资产阶级的社会主义思潮,它脱离历史条件地鼓吹立即废除一切形式的强权和国家,实现没有剥削、没有压迫、各尽所能、各取所需、绝对自由的无政府社会的空想,成为近代中国一支特殊形态的空想社会主义流派。它是作为私有制和资本主义社会 After the May Fourth Movement broke out, the influence of the October Revolution in Russia became increasingly popular. Marxism began to spread widely in China and the socialist trend of thought became the mainstream of the New Culture Movement. However, for a considerable period of time thereafter, the most knowledgeable young people welcomed the utopian theories of socialism, of which anarchism and its various derivatives at the time were the most influential. Anarchism is a petty-bourgeois socialist trend that advocates the immediate abolition of all forms of power and state from the historical conditions and the realization of the principle of freedom, exploitation, non-oppression, dedication, abstention and freedom. The fantasy of government society has become a special form of utopian socialism in modern China. It is as a system of private ownership and capitalism