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通过多年多点多项多品种的小区试验、高产攻关与高产示范,研究了气候条件对冬小麦千粒重的影响。结果表明,从其开花到成熟期的诸因子中,天数是影响冬小麦千粒重高低的主导因子,其次是平均最低气温,平均最高气温的作用最小。冬小麦受干热风的危害较大,在后期浇水不当情况下会引起千粒重下降。干热风对千粒重的危害是多种因素综合影响的结果,而麦田土壤只要能满足小麦对水分的需要,干热风来临时能保持麦株体内的水份平衡,就可极大地削弱干热风的危害程度,使千粒重少下降,甚至不下降;麦田浇水的终止期在乳熟末期前2～3d,水分不足的麦田只要在终止期前浇水,且水量适宜,就有利于千粒重的提高。
Through many years of multi-point multi-species plots of plots, high-yield key research and high-yield demonstration, the impact of climatic conditions on the 1000-grain weight of winter wheat. The results showed that the days from flowering to maturity were the dominant factors affecting the grain weight of winter wheat, followed by the mean lowest temperature and the lowest mean maximum temperature. Winter wheat is more damaging by the hot and dry wind, which can cause a decrease in 1000-grain weight in the late watering season. The effects of dry hot air on 1000-grain weight are the result of the combined effect of many factors. However, as long as the wheat field soil can meet the water requirement of wheat, the moisture balance of the wheat grain body can be maintained when the dry and hot wind comes, Level, so that 1000-grain weight decreased less, or even decline; termination of wheat watering period 2 ~ 3d in the milk before the end of maturity, lack of wheat field as long as the water before termination, and the amount of water, it is conducive to the improvement of 1000-grain weight.