目的　深入了解肺癌所致肺不张的纤维支气管镜 (FB)特征。方法　回顾性分析 114例癌性肺不张患者的临床资料和FB特征。结果　左侧 (6 3例 ,5 5 .3 % )多于左侧 (5 1例 ,44.7% ) ;右肺不张 (12例 ,10 .5 % )明显多于右肺不张 (2例 ,1.8% ) ;上叶不张 (5 9例 ,5 1.8% )明显多于中叶及 或下叶不张 (41例 ,36 % )。FB下直接所见率为 10 0 %。 110例经FB活检和 或刷检确诊为肺癌 ,阳性率 96 .5 %。病理类型以鳞癌和小细胞癌为主 ,分别为 77例 (6 7.5 % )和 17例 (14 .9% ) ,此外 ,腺癌 11例 (9.6 % )、其它 9例 (7.9% )。FB下肺癌阻塞部位与X线胸片表现基本一致 ,但部分患者阻塞部位要比X线所示高 ,而受累部位则更近隆突。FB下的形态特征与病理类型密切相关。结论　对X线示肺癌并肺不张者 ,应积极行FB检查 ,尽早确诊 Objective To understand the characteristics of fibrobronchoscopy (FB) of atelectasis caused by lung cancer. Methods The clinical data and FB features of 114 patients with cancerous atelectasis were retrospectively analyzed. Results Left atelectasis (53 cases, 53.3%) was more on the left side (51 cases, 44.7%); right atelectasis (12 cases, 10.5% , 1.8%); atelectasis (59 cases, 5 1.8%) was significantly higher than in the middle and / or atelectasis (41 cases, 36%). FB directly see the rate of 10%. One hundred and one patients were diagnosed as lung cancer by FB biopsy and brush test, the positive rate was 96.5%. The main pathological types were squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, which were 77 (6 7.5%) and 17 (14.9%) respectively. In addition, adenocarcinoma was found in 11 (9.6%) and other 9 (7.9%) patients. FB obstruction of lung cancer and X-ray chest X-ray consistent performance, but some patients with obstruction than the X-ray showed high, but the affected part is closer to the process of protrusion. FB under the morphological characteristics and pathological types are closely related. Conclusion X-ray showed lung cancer and atelectasis should be actively underwent FB examination, as early as possible diagnosis