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§0 引言副词“又”的基本意义是表示“同类动作、状态或性质的加合关系”。①“又”字句总是与另一情况相关联,这一情况,我们称为“又”字句的“前项”。“又”字句的前项可以在前文出现,(包括紧接与隔离两种情况,)也可以隐而不现。隐含的前项与“又”字句有多种语义关系,构成多种语义模式。不同模式中的“又”具有不同的语用意义。本文初步描述四种基本模式的语义关系,进而揭示各式中“又”的语用意义。
§ 0 Introduction The basic meaning of the adverb “又” is to mean “an additive relationship of similar actions, states or properties”. ① The word “又” is always associated with another situation. In this case, we call the “antecedent” of the “another” sentence. The antecedent of the word “又” may appear in the preceding paragraph (including both immediate and isolated cases) and can be hidden. There are many kinds of semantic relations between the implicit precedent and the “another” sentence, which constitute a variety of semantic patterns. The “another” in different modes has different pragmatic meanings. This article describes the semantic relations of the four basic models, and then reveals the pragmatic meaning of “another” in all kinds.