本文对不同进化类型大豆种子超氧物歧化酶(SOD)进行了比较分析。结果表明:(1)供试三种进化类型大豆种子的 SOD 同工酶酶谱一致,均为7条,其中一条为 Ma-SOD,其余6条为 Cu-Zn-SOD。(2)SOD 活性表现为:野生类型明显高于中间类型,中间类型明显高于栽培类型。(3)随着大豆籽粒百粒重的增大,种胚的 SOD 活性降低。(4)种皮颜色由黑到黄,种皮的 SOD 活性降低。讨论了大豆种子 SOD 活性与 Sofa 亚属内大豆进化的关系。 In this paper, we compared and analyzed the superoxide dismutase (SOD) of different evolutionary types of soybean seeds. The results showed that: (1) The SOD isoenzymes of the three evolutionary types of soybean seeds were the same, all of which were 7, one of them was Ma-SOD and the other 6 were Cu-Zn-SOD. (2) The SOD activity showed that the wild type was significantly higher than the middle type, the middle type was significantly higher than the cultivated type. (3) With the increase of 100 kernel weight of soybean, the SOD activity of embryo decreased. (4) The color of the seed coat is reduced from black to yellow, while the SOD activity of the seed coat is reduced. The relationship between SOD activity in soybean seeds and soybean evolution in the subspecies of Sars was discussed.