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特异营养物质(下简称特质)是指维生素A(V_A)、维生素C(V_C)、维生素B(V_B)、某些氨基酸等。它们对癌症的发生、发展和转归具有不小的作用比如 V_A缺乏能引起上皮磷状化生,并可促进实验性口腔肿瘤和食管癌的发生。实验证明,大鼠的食管、咽部与胃的炎症与上皮增生是V_A缺乏的单一因素所致。美国、英国的研究证明在低水平血清V_A的病人,特别是患肺癌和肠癌的危险性高2.2倍。表明长期食用含V_A较多的绿色蔬菜可防止癌症的发生,降低了癌症的发病率。而V_C有提高机体免疫功能、降低食管癌发病率的作用。某医院用大剂量治疗癌症患者,结果服V_C的病人平均生存期是对照组的四倍。上述事实表明V_C既可用来预防癌,又可治疗癌症。为什么V_A、V_C等特质对癌症的发生、发展和转归有着重要的作用呢?我的假设是:
Specific nutrients (hereinafter referred to as traits) refer to vitamin A (V_A), vitamin C (V_C), vitamin B (V_B), certain amino acids, and the like. They play a significant role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cancer. For example, the lack of V_A can cause epithelial phospholipids, and can promote the occurrence of experimental oral cancer and esophageal cancer. Experiments have shown that inflammation and epithelial hyperplasia in the esophagus, pharynx, and stomach of rats are due to a single factor of V_A deficiency. Studies in the United States and the United Kingdom have demonstrated that patients with low serum levels of V_A are 2.2 times more likely to have lung cancer and colon cancer. It shows that long-term consumption of green vegetables containing more V_A can prevent the occurrence of cancer and reduce the incidence of cancer. The V_C has the effect of improving the body’s immune function and reducing the incidence of esophageal cancer. A hospital used large doses to treat cancer patients. The average survival time of patients who received V_C was four times that of the control group. The above facts show that V_C can be used to prevent cancer as well as treat cancer. Why are V_A, V_C, and other traits important for the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cancer? My hypothesis is: