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通过柱层析法将胜利馏分油分离为4个族组分,采用紫外光谱、红外光谱表征各组分的结构,结果表明:族组分a是不同链长的烷烃类,族组分b、c是芳烃,族组分d是以3～4芳香片线性排列的芳烃。用1HNMR、元素分析法鉴定了族组分b、c磺酸盐的平均分子结构,推测出:族组分b分子中平均含有1～2个芳环,侧链平均含有15～16个C原子,族组分c分子中平均含有2～3个芳环,侧链平均含有19～21个C原子。用发烟硫酸进行磺化的优化条件为:组分b和组分c的磺化温度分别是40、50℃;馏分油的磺化温度可确定为45℃,优化的酸油质量比为1∶1。组分b、c及馏分油的磺化产物的表面张力相差不大,胜利石油磺酸盐(SLS)有良好的界面活性。3种磺化产物的HLB值介于11～14,具有优良的乳化性能。
Volatile fractionation oil was separated into four components by column chromatography. The structure of each component was characterized by UV and IR spectra. The results showed that the component a was a series of alkanes with different chain length, c is an aromatic hydrocarbon, and component d is an aromatic hydrocarbon linearly arranged with 3 to 4 aromatic chips. The average molecular structure of the b, c sulfonate groups was identified by 1HNMR and elemental analysis, and it was inferred that the average molecular chain of the family member b contains 1 ~ 2 aromatic rings and the average of side chains contains 15 ~ 16 C atoms , The average molecular weight of c-family contains 2 to 3 aromatic rings, and the average side chain contains 19 to 21 C atoms. The optimum conditions of sulfonation with fuming sulfuric acid are as follows: the sulfonation temperature of component b and component c are respectively 40 and 50 ℃; the sulfonation temperature of distillate can be determined as 45 ℃; the optimized acid-oil mass ratio is 1 :1. The surface tension of sulfonated products of components b, c and distillate are similar, and SLS has good interfacial activity. The three kinds of sulfonated products have HLB values between 11 and 14, which have excellent emulsifying properties.