目的为评价重庆市某区开展社区恶性肿瘤健康教育和早发现、早诊断、早治疗的干预效果提供基线资料。方法通过已经建立的肿瘤发病登记制度,从医院病案、基层报病和死亡统计收集肿瘤病例。结果某区2001~2004年恶性肿瘤粗发病率128.02/10万(男性158.68/10万,女性96.48/10万),发病率随年龄的增长而上升;其中,肺癌发病率居首位,其次为肝癌、食道癌及直肠癌。结论肿瘤发病资料是疾病防治和病因学等研究的基础,应进一步加强这方面的工作。 Objective To provide baseline data for assessing the effectiveness of community cancer malignancy education and early intervention, early diagnosis, and early treatment in a district in Chongqing. Methods Tumor cases were collected from hospital medical records, primary disease reports, and death statistics through the established oncology registration system. Results The incidence rate of malignant tumors in a district from 2001 to 2004 was 128.02 per 100,000 (158.68 per 100 thousand males and 96.48 per 100,000 females). The incidence increased with age; among them, the incidence of lung cancer ranked first, followed by Liver cancer, esophageal cancer, and rectal cancer. Conclusion The onset of cancer is the basis for the study of disease prevention and etiology, and the work in this area should be further strengthened.