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为了挽救和保护数量日益减少的古桥,世界各国,特别是发达国家制订了严格的法规和政策,并致力于适合古桥修复的关键技术研发。我国的古桥由于年代久远,整体状况已变得十分脆弱。为了帮助我国管理和工程技术人员有效地保护和修复古桥,本文考察和总结了美国古桥保护和修复的法规、政策、指南、关键技术及事例分析,包括其在系统级和项目级上的计划目标和工作重点,介绍了美国在古桥保护中如何确定古桥的历史性特征及如何平衡现代工程技术标准与保留古桥历史性特征的策略、技术和方法,并分析了各类典型古桥保护的技术对策。最后在总结美国古桥保护体系和技术对策的基础上,分析了我国古桥保护的急迫性并提出了相应的对策。
In order to save and protect the ever-decreasing ancient bridge, all countries in the world, especially the developed countries, have formulated strict rules and policies and are devoted to the research and development of key technologies suitable for the restoration of ancient bridges. As a result of the age-old ancient bridge in our country, the overall situation has become very fragile. In order to help Chinese management and engineering technicians to effectively protect and repair the ancient bridge, this paper examines and summarizes the regulations, policies, guidelines, key technologies and case studies of the American ancient bridge protection and restoration, including its system-level and project-level Planning objectives and work priorities. The strategies, techniques and methods of how to determine the historic features of the ancient bridge in the protection of the ancient bridge and how to balance the modern engineering standards with the historic features of the ancient bridge are introduced. The typical ancient Technical Measures for Bridge Protection. Finally, on the basis of summing up the American ancient bridge protection system and technical countermeasures, the urgency of the ancient bridge protection in our country is analyzed and corresponding countermeasures are put forward.