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地震的发生对交通路网的影响主要有两个方面,一是原有的交通路网遭到破坏,使交通路网的通行能力大大降低;二是地震突发事件发生后,受灾地区有大量的伤员需要运出接受救治,加上受灾地区由于救援工作需要大量资源,使路网的流量迅速提升。震后路网是这两种情况的叠加,极易发生严重堵塞现象。为避免和减少这种情况的发生,首先分析面向智慧城市和大数据环境下的协同供应效率系数的影响,构建考虑应急服务资源覆盖面最大和灾害损失最小的应急供应协同模型。其次,在分析应急车辆平均行程速度、路段饱和度、占有率和排队长度比等约束条件的基础上,构建震后应急交通路网协同优化模型。最后案例验证了所提出的协同优化模型的有效性。研究成果将对应急交通控制和管理实践提供理论依据和解决方案。
The impact of the earthquake on the traffic network has two main aspects. One is the destruction of the original traffic network, which greatly reduces the traffic capacity of the traffic network. The other is the large number of earthquake-affected areas Of the wounded need to be transported out for treatment and relief, and the affected areas need a lot of resources due to the rescue work, so that the traffic on the road network is rapidly increased. After the earthquake the road network is a superposition of these two situations, prone to serious blockage phenomenon. In order to avoid and reduce the occurrence of this situation, the paper first analyzes the impact of collaborative supply efficiency coefficient in smart city and big data environment and constructs a collaborative emergency supply model with the largest coverage of emergency service resources and the least disaster loss. Secondly, based on the analysis of the constraint conditions such as average travel speed, road section saturation, occupancy and queue length ratio of emergency vehicles, the synergistic optimization model of post-earthquake emergency traffic network is established. The last case validates the validity of the proposed collaborative optimization model. The research results will provide theoretical basis and solutions for emergency traffic control and management practices.