Deepened understanding of the mechanism involved in the activation of T cells and improved molecular biology techniques have brought a promising strategy to active a patients immune system to prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are chaperones of peptides,It can elicit array of immune responses,such as:present tumor antigens to T cells, stimulate antigen presenting cells to secrete cytokines,mediate maturation of dentritic cells,active NK cells and/T cells.Extract HSP/peptides complex from tumor cells can be used as a polyvalent vaccine for treatment of cancers,The elicited antigen specific immune response is restricted to the tumor from which the HSPs are purified.HSP/peptides complex vaccine has been started in third clinical trials.The rationale,feasibility,advantages and safety of this new approach were discussed