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目的了解不同类别流动人口对艾滋病病毒感染者和病人(people living with HI V/AIDS,PLWHA)歧视的现状及其影响因素。方法采取横断面研究设计,在黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、甘肃、宁夏、重庆7个省(市)的18个城市采用两阶段分层抽样,抽取4类流动人口即建筑工人、工矿企业工人、外来务工人员、长途卡车司机共15622人进行了问卷调查。结果调查对象总歧视率为63.2%,不同类别流动人口对PLWHA的歧视差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),对不同PLWHA的歧视存在差异(P<0.01),家庭中的PLWHA被接受程度最高;对PLWHA歧视受性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、艾滋病知识的影响。结论流动人口对PLWHA的歧视仍普遍存在,其存在及PLWHA受歧视的差异提示仍需加大力度和深度进行艾滋病健康教育和反歧视的宣传,提高艾滋病知识认知水平,加强正确意识的引导及关爱,进而降低或消除对PLWHA的歧视。
Objective To understand the current situation and the influencing factors of discrimination against people living with HI V / AIDS (PLWHA) in different categories of floating population. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Two-stage stratified sampling was conducted in 18 cities in seven provinces (cities) of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia and Chongqing. Four types of migrant workers were sampled, namely construction workers, workers in industrial and mining enterprises , Migrant workers, long-distance truck drivers a total of 15,622 people conducted a survey. Results The total discrimination rate of surveyed subjects was 63.2%. There were significant differences in discrimination against PLWHA between different categories of floating population (P <0.01), discrimination against different PLWHA (P <0.01) and PLWHA among family members were the highest ; PLWHA discrimination by gender, age, education level, occupation, AIDS knowledge. Conclusions Discrimination of PLWHA by mobile population is still widespread. The existence of PLWHA and its discrimination by PLWHA suggest that there is still a need to intensify and deepen HIV / AIDS health education and anti-discrimination publicity, raise awareness of HIV / AIDS and enhance guidance on correct awareness Care, and thus reduce or eliminate discrimination against PLWHA.