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【目的】研究2011年慈溪市儿童手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)病原学特征,了解本地区HFMD流行趋势。【方法】收集监测哨点医院上送的临床诊断为HFMD病例标本,应用实时荧光(Real-time)RT-PCR法检测标本中的人肠道病毒(HEV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CVA16)特异性核酸。【结果】289例标本中检出总肠道病毒阳性病例260例(89.97%),其中EV71占总阳性率的58.46%,CVA16占总阳性率的22.31%,肠道其他型19.23%;病例年龄集中在1～5岁;男女性阳性比例为1.49∶1;住院病例EV71阳性率为68.97%。【结论】EV71和CVA16为本地手足口病的主要病原体,EV71是引起重症和住院病例的优势毒株型,在局部区域内CVA16型占主导。
【Objective】 To study the etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in children in Cixi City in 2011 to find out the epidemic trend of HFMD in this area. 【Methods】 The clinical diagnosis of HFMD was collected from the sentinel hospitals. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect human enterovirus (HEV), enterovirus 71 (EV71) And Coxsackie virus group A, type 16 (CVA16) specific nucleic acids. 【Results】 Among the 289 specimens, there were 260 cases (89.97%) of total enterovirus positive cases, of which EV71 accounted for 58.46% of the total positive rate, CVA16 accounted for 22.31% of the total positive rate, and 19.23% of the other intestinal types. Case age Concentrated in 1 to 5 years old; male and female sex ratio was 1.49:1; EV71 positive rate was 68.97%. 【Conclusion】 EV71 and CVA16 are the major pathogens of HFMD in China. EV71 is the predominant strain causing severe and hospitalized cases. CVA16 predominates in the local area.