爱国主义教育重在实效。如何提高实效性?我认为关键在于爱国主义教育要求与中学生主体需求的结合。这里有三个点:首先要在爱国主义教育目的的指导下,探寻中学生主体需求发展变化的规律,寻找进入中学生主体精神世界的出发点;第二,要借助一定的形式。展开教育内容,使主体在行为、情感、信念上与爱国主义教育要求产生同步振荡,这就是共振点;第三,爱国主义作为政治信仰,作为价值观念,具有多层次性和多样性,我们的爱国主义教育,必须反映爱国主义的本质,反映居于主导地位 Patriotic education emphasizes actual results. How to improve the effectiveness? I think the key lies in the combination of patriotism education requirements and the subjective needs of middle school students. There are three points here: First, under the guidance of the purpose of patriotic education, we must explore the rules for the development and change of the subjective needs of middle school students, find a starting point for entry into the subjective spiritual world of middle school students, and second, use certain forms. The contents of education are launched so that the subject’s behavior, emotions, and beliefs are synchronised with the demands of patriotic education. This is the resonance point. Third, patriotism is a political belief, as a value concept, with multiple levels and diversity. Our Education in patriotism must reflect the essence of patriotism and reflect its dominant position