报告了１例轻链沉淀病（ＬＣＤＤ）合并多发性骨髓瘤（ＭＭ）具有典型肾脏损害的患者。临床表现为肾病综合征、肾功能损害、异常浆细胞增生、低γ血症等。肾活检病理示肾小球系膜结节、肾小管基膜增厚、免疫酶标法抗κ轻链阳性。ＬＣＤＤ与异常浆细胞增生有关，多合并ＭＭ，肾脏损害为其首发和突出表现，肾功能受累明显。肾脏病理有特异性的改变，免疫荧光或免疫酶标法可检出轻链的沉积，是明确诊断的重要依据。 One patient with typical kidney damage in a light chain sediment disease (LCDD) combined with multiple myeloma (MM) was reported. Clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome, renal dysfunction, abnormal plasma cells hyperplasia, low gamma blood disease. Renal biopsy showed glomerular mesangial nodules, tubular basement membrane thickening, immuno-enzyme-labeled anti-κ light chain positive. LCDD and abnormal plasma cell proliferation, combined with MM, kidney damage as its first and outstanding performance, renal involvement significantly. Renal pathology has a specific change, immunofluorescence or immunoenzyme method can detect the light chain deposition, is an important basis for a clear diagnosis.