作为一位注重人文关怀的思想家,史华慈对曾经盛行于美国汉学界的“冲击—回应”研究模式有独特的反思,作出了具有重要意义的突破。通过对情境化的问题意识与多样化的文化取向观念的引入、对非倾向性和非化约性的比较文化视野的注重、对文化内外各种张力的强调和对知识分子所处情境及作用的关怀,史华慈打破了西方学者眼中对中国传统文化“稳定而僵化”的固有印象,揭示了中西文化及文明发展模式的复杂多样性与未知量,更多地关注身处中国社会文化内部的中国知识分子在近现代的特定情境下所作出的努力和由此为中国的发展提供的内在动力。无论对于反思中国和西方文化还是探索比较文化研究的方法论价值,史华慈的视角与观点仍然极具启发意义。 As a thinker focusing on humanistic concern, Schwartz made a unique reflection on the “impact-response” research mode that once prevailed in American sinology and made a breakthrough of great significance. Through the introduction of the situational awareness of problems and diversified cultural orientation, the emphasis on non-tendentious and noncontracted comparative cultural perspectives, the emphasis on various tensions both inside and outside the culture and on the situations and roles of intellectuals , Schwarzenegger broke the inherent impression of “stable and rigid” China’s traditional culture in the eyes of Western scholars, revealed the complex diversity and unknowns of the development model of Chinese and Western cultures and civilizations, and paid more attention to being in the inner part of Chinese society and culture Of the efforts made by Chinese intellectuals in the specific context of the modern era and the internal impetus thus provided for the development of China. Regardless of the methodological value of reconsidering Chinese and Western cultures or exploring comparative culture, Schwartz’s perspectives and perspectives are still very instructive.