This experiment was conducted on 50 male golden hamsters, which were divided into five groups. Each group contained 10 hamsters: red wine group, alcohol-free red wine group, alcohol group, hyperlipidemia group, and control group. During the four-week regime, all the hamsters were fed with a high cholesterol diet, except the control group. After completion of the trial, the plasma lipid levels and lipid peroxidation contents were determined in the golden hamsters, and the morphological variation in liver cells was investigated with electron microscopy. The results showed that concentrations of TC and TG in red wine, alcohol-free red wine, and alcohol groups had decreased dramatically. Compared with the hyperlipidemia group, the levels of LDL-C had significantly decreased in other groups, but not the HDL-C. Consumption of red wine,alcohol-free red wine, and alcohol, had no significant effects on Apo A1 and Apo B. Red wine, alcohol-free red wine, and alcohol significantly decreased the contents of MDA in hamsters. The experiment demonstrated that red wine could ameliorate the incidence of atherosclerosis (AS) via reducing serum TC, TG, LDL-C, and the compounds in red wine had synergic effects.